Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị polyamide, naịlọn 12 pụtara maka ọmarịcha arụmọrụ ya yana ọtụtụ ngwa.

Polyamide (PA), nke a makwaara dị ka naịlọn, bụ polymer nwere otu amide na nkeji ugboro n'ọkpụkpụ azụ molekụla.Enwere ike ime naịlọn ka ọ bụrụ plastik dị iche iche, dọba ya n'ime eriri, a pụkwara ime ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri, mkpuchi na nrapado.N'ihi na naịlọn nwere ezigbo nguzogide n'ibu, okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na-eyi nguzogide na ihe ndị ọzọ, ngwaahịa nwere ike iji ya mee ihe na uwe, yarn ụlọ ọrụ, ụgbọ ala, igwe, eletriki na eletriki, njem, ụlọ ọrụ nkwakọ ngwaahịa na ọtụtụ ubi ndị ọzọ.
Ngwa mgbada naịlọn dị oke oke

Isi mmalite: webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke Lianchuang, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Ezinụlọ nylon na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto, na arụmọrụ nke nylon pụrụ iche ka mma
Naịlọn nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na ezinụlọ na-eto eto.Na 1935, PA66 na-arụ ọrụ maka oge mbụ na ụlọ nyocha, na 1938, DuPont kwupụtara ọkwa ọmụmụ nke eriri sịntetik mbụ nke ụwa wee kpọọ ya naịlọn.N'ime iri afọ ndị sochirinụ, ezinụlọ nylon ji nwayọọ nwayọọ malite, na ụdị ọhụrụ dị ka PA6, PA610, na PA11 nọgidere na-apụta.PA6 na PA66.Site na usoro mmepụta tozuru oke na ngwa dị iche iche, PA6 na PA66 ka bụ ụdị ngwaahịa nylon abụọ a na-achọkarị.

Akụkọ mmepe nke ngwaahịa nylon

Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ China, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Enwere ike kewaa naịlọn n'ime aliphatic, ọkara aromatic, aromatic zuru oke, wdg dị ka usoro kemịkalụ nke isi yinye.Aliphatic polyamide bụ ihe polymer linear, nke a na-ejikọta ya mgbe niile site na akụkụ methyl chain na amide, ma nwee ezigbo ike.Ntinye nke mgbanaka aromatic n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ nwere ike igbochi mmegharị nke yinye molekụla ma mee ka okpomọkụ mgbanwe iko dịkwuo elu, si otú ahụ na-eme ka nguzogide okpomọkụ na ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa nylon.Mgbe otu n'ime akụrụngwa nke polyamide nwere mgbanaka benzene, enwere ike ịkwadebe polyamide ọkara aromatic, na mgbe akụrụngwa abụọ ahụ nwere mgbanaka benzene, enwere ike ịkwadebe polyamide aromatic zuru oke.Semi-aromatic polyamide okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, n'ibu Njirimara na-enwekwukwa, na nwere ezigbo akụkụ kwụsie ike na ihe mgbaze, full aromatic polyamide nwere ultra-elu ike, elu modulus, elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, acid na alkali iguzogide, radieshon na-eguzogide na ndị ọzọ magburu onwe Njirimara, ma. n'ihi na ya ukwuu symmetrical isi yinye Ọdịdị nwere ok benzene yiri mgbaaka na amide otu, otú nhazi arụmọrụ bụ ubé usụhọde, siri ike nweta injection ịkpụzi, ya na-eri bụ dịtụ elu.
Ọdịdị molekụla nke ụdị polyamide dị iche iche

Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ China, "Njirimara Ọdịdị na Ngwa nke Nylon Semi-aromatic", Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Nhazi na njirimara nke polyamide

Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ China, .Njirimara na ngwa nke naịlọn ọkara aromatic, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
N'iji ya tụnyere ụdị dị iche iche, nylon pụrụ iche nwere monomers sịntetik ọhụrụ nwere arụmọrụ ka mma.Ọbụna mgbe emezigharịrị, naịlọn omenala (PA6, PA66, wdg) ka nwere adịghị ike dị ka hydrophilicity siri ike, oke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, na nghọta adịghị mma, nke na-egbochi ngwa ngwa ya ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.Ya mere, iji meziwanye adịghị ike nke naịlọn omenala ma gbakwunye àgwà ọhụrụ, a pụrụ inweta usoro nke nylon pụrụ iche nwere ihe dị iche iche site n'iwebata monomers sịntetik ọhụrụ iji mee mgbanwe iji mee ka ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ dịkwuo mma.nylon ndị a ọpụrụiche gụnyere naịlọn okpomọkụ dị elu, naịlọn yinye carbon ogologo, naịlọn transperent, naịlọn bio, na nylon elastomer.

Ụdị na njirimara nke nylon pụrụ iche

Isi mmalite: Aibon Polymer, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

A na-akọwapụta uru dị na PA12 na naịlọn yinye carbon ogologo
Naịlọn yinye carbon ogologo nwere ọmarịcha arụmọrụ, naịlọn 12 nwere ma arụmọrụ yana uru ọnụahịa.Naịlọn nwere ogologo methylene nke karịrị 10 n'etiti otu amide abụọ dị na azụ azụ naịlon molecular naịlọn ka a na-akpọ ogologo naịlọn carbon, na ụdị ndị bụ isi gụnyere naịlọn 11, naịlọn 12, naịlọn 612, naịlọn 1212, naịlọn 1012, naịlọn 1313, wdg. Naịlọn 12 bụ ihe a na-ejikarị ogologo carbon yinye naịlọn, na mgbakwunye na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị dị n'ozuzu nke naịlọn n'ozuzu, ọ nwere nnabata mmiri dị ala, ma nwee nkwụsi ike dị elu, oke okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, nguzogide corrosion, ike siri ike, nhazi dị mfe na uru ndị ọzọ.Tụnyere PA11, ọzọ ogologo carbon yinye nylon ihe onwunwe, price nke PA12 raw material butadiene bụ nanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ nke PA11 raw material castor mmanụ, nke nwere ike dochie PA11 n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, na nwere a dịgasị iche iche nke ngwa na ụgbọala mmanụ ụgbọala ọkpọkọ. hoses breeki ikuku, eriri okpuru mmiri, mbipụta 3D na ọtụtụ ubi ndị ọzọ.

Ntụle arụmọrụ nke naịlọn

Isi mmalite: Mmepe na Ngwa nke Naịlọn 12, Liyue Chemical, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Mgbe e mesịrị, anyị ga-akọwapụta mkpokọta odida obodo nke ụlọ ọrụ naịlọn, ma lekwasị anya na nyocha anyị na ọkọnọ na ọchịchọ nke ụlọ ọrụ nylon 12.
Ngwa ahụ bụ okooko osisi dị iche iche, na ọchịchọ maka nylon siri ike
Ahịa nylon na-eto eto na-eto nke ọma, naịlọn ọpụrụiche na-arụkwa ọrụ nke ọma
Ọchịchọ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka naịlọn na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto, yana China dị ka ahịa dị mkpa.Dabere na akụkọ na data, nha ahịa nylon zuru ụwa ọnụ ruru ijeri $ 27.29 na 2018, a na-atụkwa anya na nha ahịa ga-aga n'ihu na-eto n'ogo 4.3% n'ọdịniihu, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụ ọgụgụ a ga-abawanye ruo ijeri $ 38.30 na 2026. Mpaghara Asia-Pacific bụ ahịa dị mkpa maka oriri naịlọn, ebe ahịa ndị China dị oke egwu karị.Dị ka data nke Lingao Consulting si kwuo, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmụkọ nke ahịa nylon nke China sitere na 2011 ruo 2018 ruru 10.0%, na 2018, n'ihi ịrị elu nke olu na ọnụahịa ngwaahịa nylon, ọnụ ahịa ahịa ụlọ n'ozuzu ruru ijeri 101.23. yuan, mmụba kwa afọ site na 30.5%.Site n'echiche nke data oriri, na-erite uru site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke akụ na ụba ụlọ, ihe ngosi nke ngwaahịa nylon na China erutela 4.327 nde tọn na 2018, na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta ihe site na 2011 ruo 2018 ruru 11.0%.
Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ahịa nylon China na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto
Oriri nke ụlọ ọrụ nylon na China na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto
Isi mmalite: Lingao Consulting, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ling Ao Consulting, General Administration of Customs, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Ọnụ ahịa naịlọn pụrụ iche na-akpata ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 10%, nke naịlọn 12 bụ nke kachasị elu.Dabere na data MRFR, nha ahịa nylon ọpụrụiche zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ijeri $ 2.64 na 2018, na-aza ihe dịka 9.7% nke mkpokọta.Ọchịchọ maka ịchekwa ike dị arọ na nke ndụ ndụ ndụ nke ụgbọ ala bụ ike kacha ukwuu maka uto nke ahịa ahịa nylon pụrụ iche, a na-atụkwa anya na ahịa nylon pụrụ iche ga-aga n'ihu na-eto na ọnụego 5.5% n'ọdịnihu, nke bụ. dị elu karịa ụlọ ọrụ naịlọn n'ozuzu.N'ime ahịa nylon pụrụ iche, ngwaahịa kachasị ukwuu n'ahịa ahụ bụ nylon 12, nke enwere ike iji ya na alloys plastik, nrụpụta ụgbọ ala, imepụta ụgbọ elu, mbipụta 3D, ngwa elektrọn, ngwa igwe, teknụzụ ahụike, ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ na gas na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. , na ike irreplaceability.Dabere na data MRFR, nha ahịa nylon 12 zuru ụwa ọnụ ruru $ 1.07 ijeri na 2018 ma a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-eji nwayọ nwayọ ruo ijeri $ 1.42 na 2024 na ọnụego uto nke 5.2%.

Nkesa ngwa mgbada nke nylon 12 (2018)
Nylon 12 zuru ụwa ọnụ ahịa nha na-eto nke ọma (ijeri US)
Isi mmalite: MRFR Analysis, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: MRFR Analysis, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

N'okpuru ebe a, anyị na-enyocha ngwa nke nylon 12 na ụgbọ ala, mbipụta 3D, mmịpụta mmanụ na gas na ọtụtụ ubi ndị ọzọ.

Ọchịchọ uto bụ usoro ụgbọ ala dị arọ na-ebute
Na downstream ina Ọdịdị nke naịlọn 12, kasị ngwa ahịa bụ ụgbọ ala n'ichepụta ụlọ ọrụ, na ngwa nke naịlọn 12 na akpakanamde n'ichepụta ụlọ ọrụ ruru 36.7% nke mkpokọta ahịa revenue na 2018. Automotive fechaa bụ isi na-emekarị na nke taa. ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala, iji belata ibu nke ụgbọ ala ahụ, na-enweghị imebi nchekwa na nkasi obi, ihe ngwọta kachasị mma bụ iji dochie akụkụ ígwè dị n'ime ụgbọ ala ahụ.Enwere ike iji naịlọn 12 mee ihe na pipeline mmiri ụgbọ ala, gụnyere ahịrị mmanụ, ahịrị njigide, ahịrị breeki supercharger, ahịrị breeki ikuku, ahịrị batrị batrị na nkwonkwo nke pipeline ndị dị n'elu, n'ihi nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi ya, ọ bụ ọmarịcha ihe. akpakanamde fechaa ihe.

Akụkụ nke ngwa nylon 12 n'ime ụgbọ ala

Isi mmalite: Weebụsaịtị UBE, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

E jiri ya tụnyere ígwè na ihe rubber, nylon 12 na-enye uru dị ukwuu.E jiri ya tụnyere ihe ígwè, ihe nylon 12 dị arọ, nke nwere ike ibelata ibu nke ụgbọ ala dum ma si otú ahụ belata oriri ike;Mgbanwe dị mma, dị mfe ịhazi, nwere ike ibelata nkwonkwo, ọ dịghị mfe imebi site na mmetụta mpụga;Ezigbo ịma jijiji na nguzogide corrosion;Njikọ ahụ nwere ezigbo akara na ntinye dị mfe;Extrusion dị mfe na usoro dị mfe.E jiri ya tụnyere ihe rubber, pipeline nke naịlọn 12 nwere mgbidi dị mkpa, obere olu na ịdị arọ dị arọ, nke na-adịghị emetụta nhazi ohere;Ntugharị dị mma, nwere ike ịnọgide na-agbanwe agbanwe n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị oke egwu na nguzogide ịka nká dị mma;Enweghị mkpa maka vulcanization, ọ dịghị mkpa ịgbakwunye braid, teknụzụ nhazi dị mfe.

Mgbasa nke ụgbọ ala dị arọ na ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ na-achọ naịlọn 12. Ihe dị ka 70% nke hoses ụgbọ ala (breek ọkpọkọ, mmanụ pipeline, clutch hoses, wdg) na Europe na-eji nylon 12 ihe, na 50% nke ụgbọ ala ụgbọ ala na ụgbọ ala. United States na-eji nylon 12 ihe.Iji kwalite owuwu nke ike ụgbọ ala, SAE China bụ nke National Strategic Advisory Committee for Manufacturing Power na Ministry of Industry and Information Technology na-enyefe ya, na ihe karịrị ndị ọkachamara 500 na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ enyochala, chịkọta ma wepụta "Technology". Map ụzọ maka nchekwa ike na ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ”, na-edepụta “teknụzụ dị fechaa ụgbọ ala” dị ka otu n'ime ụzọ teknụzụ asaa isi, na itinye ebumnuche nke ibelata ibu ụgbọ ala site na 10%, 20% na 35% na 2020. 2025 na 2030 ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2015, na usoro nke ịdị arọ na-atụ anya na ọ ga-ebute uto nke ihe ndị dị arọ.Na mgbakwunye, na mmepe nke ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ, naịlọn 12 chọrọ maka sistemụ mmanụ ọkụ na sistemụ batrị maka ụdị ọkụ eletrik na ngwakọ.Ka mmetụta nke ọrịa na-efe efe ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebelata, a na-atụ anya na mmepụta na ire ụgbọ ala na ụgbọ ala ike ọhụrụ na China ga-alaghachi na uto, nke ga-aga n'ihu na-eme ka ọchịchọ nke nylon 12 gbasaa n'ihu.
Mmepụta na ire ụgbọ ala China
Mmepụta na ire ụgbọ ala ume ọhụrụ na China
Isi mmalite: Ndị otu China nke ndị na-emepụta ụgbọ ala, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ndị otu China nke ndị na-emepụta ụgbọ ala, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D enweghị atụ
Ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ maka mbipụta 3D na-eto ngwa ngwa, na usoro mmepụta ihe na China amụbaala nke ukwuu.Mgbakwunye n'ichepụta (3D obibi) nwere mmetụta miri emi na omenala ngwaahịa imewe, usoro eruba, mmepụta akara, factory mode, na ulo oru yinye Nchikota n'ihi na ya ike ngwa ngwa arụpụta ụdị dị iche iche nke structural nzukọ, na aghọwo otu n'ime ndị kasị nnọchiteanya na. teknụzụ na-akpaghasị mmetụta na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, a makwaara ya dị ka teknụzụ bụ isi nke "mgbanwe mmepụta ihe nke atọ".Dabere na Wohlers Associates, ọnụ ahịa mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D zuru ụwa ọnụ mụbara site na ijeri $1.33 na 2010 ruo ijeri $8.37 na 2018, yana CAGR nke 25.9%.Nkà na ụzụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke China malitere n'oge ma e jiri ya tụnyere mba Europe na America, mana ọsịsọ nke mmepụta ihe amụbaala nke ukwuu n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya.Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Prospective Industry Research Institute si kwuo, nha ahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke China ruru nde dollar 160 na 2012, ma ọ tolite ngwa ngwa ruo ijeri dollar 2.09 na 2018.
Ọnụ ahịa mmepụta na ọnụego uto nke ụlọ ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D zuru ụwa ọnụ
Ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọnụego uto nke ahịa obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke China
Isi mmalite: Wohlers Associates, Wind, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ mbụ, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Akụrụngwa bụ ihe ndabere ihe dị mkpa maka mmepe teknụzụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D.Ịrụ ọrụ nke ihe na-ekpebi ma mbipụta 3D nwere ike ịnweta ngwa ngwa karịa, ọ bụkwa ihe mgbochi na-egbochi ugbu a mmepe nke mbipụta 3D.Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si Markets na Markets si kwuo, ọnụ ọgụgụ ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D agafeela $ 1 ijeri na 2018 ma na-atụ anya na ọ ga-agafe $ 4.5 na 2024. Dị ka data nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ụlọ Ọrụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke China 3D ebipụta ihe onwunwe. ahịa anọgidewo na-eto ngwa ngwa, site na 260 nde yuan na 2012 ruo 2.99 ijeri yuan na 2017, a na-atụkwa anya na ọnụahịa ahịa nke ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D nke China na-atụ anya ka ọ gafere 16 ijeri yuan na 2024.

Ahịa ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D zuru ụwa ọnụ 2017-2024 (ijeri US $)
2012-2024 China si 3D ebipụta ihe ahịa nha (100 nde yuan)
Isi mmalite: Ahịa na Ahịa, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na-atụ anya, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Nylon 12 ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na mbipụta 3D.Tụnyere ihe ndị ọzọ, PA12 ntụ ntụ nwere magburu onwe e ji mara dị ka elu fluidity, ala static ọkụ eletrik, ala mmiri absorption, agafeghị oke agbaze ebe na elu akụkụ ziri ezi nke ngwaahịa, ike ọgwụgwụ na ike siri ike nwekwara ike izute mkpa nke workpieces chọrọ elu n'ibu Njirimara, ya mere. nylon 12 ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ ihe dị mma maka mbipụta 3D nke plastik injinịa.

Ngwa nke PA12 na mbipụta 3D

Isi mmalite: weebụsaịtị Sculpteo, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ntụle nke ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D (n'ime 5)

Isi mmalite: weebụsaịtị Sculpteo, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Prospective Industry Research Institute si kwuo, PA12 bụ ihe nke anọ kasị ukwuu na ụlọ ọrụ mbipụta 3D zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2017, na-aza 5.6%, na 2018, nylon 3D na-ebi akwụkwọ na China ruru 14.1%.Mmepe nke ụlọ nylon 12 n'ọdịnihu ga-atọ ntọala maka mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ obibi akwụkwọ 3D nke China.

Usoro ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D zuru ụwa ọnụ na 2017
Usoro ahịa nke ihe eji ebi akwụkwọ 3D na China na 2018
Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ Qianqi, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ụlọ ọrụ nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na-atụ anya, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị elu maka ụlọ ọrụ nnyefe mmanụ na gas
Ụgbọ njem mmanụ na gas na-etinye ihe ndị a na-achọsi ike nke ukwuu.A na-eji ihe PA12 mee ihe n'ụsọ oké osimiri na nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na-agbanwe agbanwe, ọkpọkọ gas, mkpuchi, mkpuchi ọkpọkọ ígwè ruo ọtụtụ afọ, nke nwere ike igbochi mmiri mmiri mmiri na corrosion nke mmiri mmanụ, a na-ejikwa ya na-emepụta ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe maka ibufe mmanụ na gas na mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri. mmiri mmiri jikọtara ọnụ, usoro nkesa gas sitere n'okike na nrụgide ruo 20bar, wdg, nke nwere ndụ ọrụ magburu onwe ya na nchebe corrosion ka mma karịa ihe ndị ọzọ, ma bụrụ ihe dị elu maka mmepe siri ike nke ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ njem mmanụ na gas.Dị ka ọkpọkọ nnyefe gas, PA12 ejirila ihe karịrị afọ iri.E jiri ya tụnyere ọkpọkọ ígwè ndị a na-eji na omenala sub-high pressure ma ọ bụ ikuku gas na-ebufe elu, pipeline gas PA12 nwere ike ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke pipeline ma belata ọnụahịa nke ntinye pipeline na nrụzi na-esote.China tụrụ aro na "atụmatụ afọ ise nke iri na atọ" na n'oge "atụmatụ afọ ise nke iri na atọ", ihe dị ka kilomita 5,000 nke pipeline mmanụ, 12,000 kilomita nke pipeline mmanụ a nụchara anụcha na kilomita 40,000 nke ogwe gas ọhụrụ na pipeline na-akwado ga-abụ. wuru, na-enye mkpali ọhụrụ maka mmepe nke PA12.

Ebe ntinye gas pipeline PA12 na Beckum, Germany

Isi mmalite: Changjiang Securities Research Institute, webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ
Cable na n'ọbọ waya dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na ntụkwasị obi
.Enwere ike iji PA12 maka eriri okpuru mmiri na ihe mkpuchi eriri na-ese n'elu mmiri, n'ọbọ mgbochi ant, n'ọbọ ngwa anya.Naịlọn 12 nwere obere embrittlement okpomọkụ na magburu onwe ihu igwe na-eguzogide, nke bụ karịsịa adabara maka imewe nke ubi pụrụ iche nzube nkwurịta okwu cables chọrọ maka niile ihu igwe (-50 ~ 70 Celsius C).Ejiri ya dị ka eriri okpuru mmiri na ihe mkpuchi eriri na-ese n'elu mmiri, ọ ghaghị ịtụle gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche na ọnọdụ ọrụ pụrụ iche na iji mmiri eme ihe, ya mere a na-achọ waya ka ọ nwee obere dayameta dị n'èzí, na-eyi nguzogide, na-eguzogide ụfọdụ nrụgide mmiri, ike zuru ezu ike, na zuru oke mkpuchi mkpuchi na mmiri mmiri.Nylon 12 bụ ezigbo mkpuchi eletriki, agaghị emetụta arụmọrụ mkpuchi n'ihi mmiri, ọ bụrụgodị na etinye ya na mmiri (ma ọ bụ n'ime mmiri mmiri) ogologo oge, nguzogide mkpuchi ya ka dị elu, ma ọ dịkarịa ala, usoro nke ịdị elu dị elu. karịa ihe ndị ọzọ naịlọn, ngwa nke PA12 ihe mkpuchi waya corrosion mmetụta dị mma, impregnated na oké osimiri ruo afọ atọ na-enweghị mgbanwe.Ejiri PE mee n'ọbọ mgbochi anwụnta USB na mbụ, PVC nwere ọgwụ ụmụ ahụhụ ma ọ bụ teepu ọla kọpa, enwere ọnụ ahịa dị elu, mmezi adịghị mma, mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi, mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi, oge nnabata na-akwụghị ụgwọ na ụkọ ndị ọzọ, ngwa nke nylon 12 n'ọbọ bụ ugbu a a. usoro ntụkwasị obi na gburugburu ebe obibi.Na mgbakwunye, mgbama ọnwụ nke ngwa anya eriri n'ọbọ nke PA12 ihe bụ nke kasị ala n'etiti sịntetik ihe, n'ihi ya, a na-ejikarị na ngwa anya eriri nkwurịta okwu USB n'ọbọ.
Naịlọn 12 maka eriri anya plastik (POF)

Isi mmalite: Changjiang Securities Research Institute, webụsaịtị gọọmentị nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ

Photovoltaic, eletriki, mkpuchi, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, ubi ahụike nwere talent nke ha
N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a chọrọ akụkụ eletriki ka ọ na-eji obere mkpọtụ na-agba ọsọ, na ihe ndị e ji mee naịlọn 12 nwere ike mechie ọnụ, a na-ejikwa ya na ihe ndekọ teepu, ihe elekere elekere, wiwi eletrik na obere akụkụ nhazi nkenke.Nguzogide nke nylon 12 na-agbanwe nke ukwuu na okpomọkụ, na mgbanwe njide dị ntakịrị, nke enwere ike iji mepụta ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ nke blanketị eletrik na kapeeti eletrik.
Ejiri naịlọn 12 kpuchie, ihe nkiri mkpuchi ahụ nwere ihe mgbochi kachasị mma, n'ihi ya, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na-emepụta ihe mkpuchi dị elu na ihe ntanye.Enwere ike iji PA12 mee ihe n'ime efere efere nke ihe nhicha ọhụrụ ahụ iji hụ na akwa akwa igwe anaghị agwụ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ndị na-ekpocha ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ma nwee ogologo ndụ ọrụ;Enwere ike itinye ya na arịa ụlọ dị n'èzí, dị ka oche ogige, nke nwere ike igbochi corrosion metal nke ọma mgbe mkpuchi PA12 gasịrị.
PA12 film transperent, na-adịghị egbu egbu, mmiri vapor na gas (Oz, N2, CO2) transmittance bụ ala, echekwara na esi mmiri otu afọ arụmọrụ agbanweghị, na polyethylene fụrụ extrusion mejupụtara film ike ga-eji na-emepụta fim mpempe akwụkwọ, ya na- chebe na ngwugwu nri, na uru nke na-esi ísì, uzuoku sterilization iguzogide na ala okpomọkụ dị mma.Naịlọn 12 nwere ezigbo mmachi na ígwè, na mgbe ị na-ejikọta nri, uru akara bụ 100%, na ike peeling dị elu.
A na-ejikwa PA12 dị ka ihe nlekọta ahụike nọọsụ, ebe akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke ihe catheter dị mkpa karịsịa, na catheter mere ga-adị mfe iji eri, ma ọ bụghị ehulata ma ghara imebi.PA12 bụ ihe magburu onwe ya maka mmepụta catheter n'ihi nrụgide dị elu, mgbanwe dị mma, nguzogide kemịkalụ, ndakọrịta na mmiri anụ ahụ na ndị na-adịghị egbu egbu, kwekọrọ na ihe ndị US Food and Drug Administration na European Union chọrọ maka ngwaahịa ahụike.

Companieslọ ọrụ ndị mba ọzọ na-achịkwa ihe ndị a na-enye, a na-atụ anya na mmepụta ụlọ ga-emebi ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ nylon, ma a ka nwere oghere na ngalaba dị elu.
Ike mmepụta nylon nke China na-eto ngwa ngwa, mana ngwaahịa ndị dị elu ka kwesịrị ibubata.N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, na-erite uru site na mmụba nke mmepụta ụlọ nke caprolactam, ihe bụ isi nke nylon 6, na ntinye ngwa ngwa nke ọchịchọ nke ala, teknụzụ mmepụta naịlọn nke China emeela ngwa ngwa, na ikike mmepụta abanyela na ọkwa nke mmepe ngwa ngwa. .Na 2018, ikike mmepụta kwa afọ nke ụlọ ọrụ nylon China ruru nde tọn 5.141, CAGR = 12.7% site na 2011 ruo 2018, na mmepụta ahụ tokwara ngwa ngwa site na ikike mmepụta, yana mmepụta nke 3.766 nde tọn na 2018 yana CAGR = 15.8% site na 2011 ruo 2018. Site n'echiche nke mbubata na mbupụ data, ụlọ ọrụ naịlọn nke China anọgidewo na-ebubata mbubata net, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ntanetị nke 508,000 ton na 2019, karịsịa ụfọdụ ngwaahịa dị elu ka nwere nnukwu ịdabere na mbubata, na enwere nnukwu ibubata. ohere maka nnọchi mbubata n'ọdịnihu.
Ike mmepụta nylon nke China na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mbubata na mbupụ nke ụlọ ọrụ nylon na China
Isi mmalite: Lingao Consulting, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Ọchịchị General nke kọstọm, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ihe mgbochi teknụzụ na-emepụta itinye uche dị elu, na oligopolies na-achịkwa ahịa nylon 12

Usoro mmepụta nke naịlọn 12 bụ isi bụ usoro oxime, na ihe mgbochi teknụzụ dị elu.Naịlọn 12 na-ejikarị cyclododecatriene (CDT) na laurolactam mgbanaka na-emeghe polycondensation na-eji butadiene dị ka akụrụngwa, na usoro ahụ gụnyere usoro oxime, usoro nitrosation ngwa anya na usoro Snya, nke usoro oxime bụ usoro a na-emekarị.Mmepụta nke nylon 12 site na usoro oxidation oxime kwesịrị ịgafe usoro 7, dị ka triperization, catalytic hydrogenation, oxidation, ketification, oximization, Beckmann rearrangement, mgbanaka-emeghe polymerization, wdg, na usoro dum na-eji benzene, fuming sulfuric acid. na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbu egbu na ndị na-emebi emebi, okpomọkụ polymerization na-emepe mgbanaka kwesịrị ịdị 270-300 Celsius C, na usoro mmepụta siri ike ịrụ ọrụ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-anọchi anya Evonik na-eji usoro butadiene bụ isi ihe dị ka akụrụngwa, na mgbe Ube Industries nke Japan nwetara ikike teknụzụ nke ụlọ ọrụ British Petrochemical, ọ nakweere ụzọ usoro nke cyclohexanone dị ka akụrụngwa iji nweta mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ nke PA12. .

Ụzọ sịntetik nke nylon 12

Isi mmalite: Mmepe na Ngwa nke Long Carbon Chain nylon 11, 12 na 1212, Changjiang Securities Research Institute

N'okpuru oligopoly, ntinye ụlọ ọrụ naịlọn 12 dị oke elu.N'ime 70s nke narị afọ nke 20, naịlọn 12 bụ nke Degussa nke Germany mebere na mbụ, onye bu ụzọ Evonik Industries (Evonik), na Switzerland EMS, French Arkema na Ube Industries nke Japan (UBE) kwuputara ozi ọma nke mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ, yana Ndị na-emepụta ihe anọ ahụ ejiriwo teknụzụ mmepụta nke nylon 12 nke ọma nweta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara narị afọ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ikike mmepụta ụwa nke nylon 12 karịrị 100,000 tọn / afọ, nke Evonik nwere ikike imepụta ihe dị ka tọn 40,000 / afọ, ọkwa mbụ.N'afọ 2014, INVISTA gbara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ikike maka ihe eji arụ ọrụ naịlọn 12, na-atụ anya ịbanye n'ahịa resin naịlọn 12, mana ka ọ dị ugbu a enweghị akụkọ mmepụta.

N'ihi mpaghara asọmpi gbadoro ụkwụ na ya, ihe mberede n'akụkụ ọkọnọ ga-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na ntinye nke ahịa niile.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na Machị 31, 2012, ụlọ ọrụ Evonik dị na Marl, Germany, kpatara mgbawa n'ihi mgbawa ọkụ, na-emetụta mmepụta nke isi ihe CDT maka ihe karịrị ọnwa 8, na-akpata ụkọ CDT dị ukwuu, nke na ntụgharị dugara n'ọkwa zuru ụwa ọnụ nke PA12, ma mee ka ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta ụgbọ ala na-enweghị ike ịmalite nke ọma.Ọ bụghị ruo mgbe eweghachiri ụlọ ọrụ Evonik CDT na mmepụta na njedebe nke 2012 ka ntinye nke nylon 12 ji nwayọọ nwayọọ maliteghachi.

Iji gboo mkpa siri ike, nnukwu ahụ kwupụtara atụmatụ ịgbasa mmepụta.Iji gboo mkpa ala dị ala maka ihe PA12, na 2018, Arkema kwupụtara na ọ ga-abawanye ikike mmepụta ihe PA12 zuru ụwa ọnụ site na 25% na ogige Changshu ya na China, a na-atụkwa anya ịmalite mmepụta n'etiti 2020.Evonik nke Germany ekwupụtala ntinye ego nde euro 400 iji gbasaa ikike mmepụta ihe PA12 ya site na pasent 50 na Marl Industrial Park, nke a na-eme atụmatụ ịmalite ọrụ na mbido 2021.

Ụfọdụ ụlọ nrụpụta PA12 na Marl
Naịlọn 12 ụlọ ọrụ ntinye uche dị oke elu
Isi mmalite: Weebụsaịtị Evonik, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Isi mmalite: Changjiang Securities Research Institute

Site n'enyemaka nke amụma na amụma, ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ na-eche ihe isi ike ihu

Ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime ụlọ alụsola naịlọn yinye carbon dị ogologo, ụfọdụ ụdị enweela ọganihu.Na 50s nke narị afọ gara aga, China malitere ịgbalị localize mmepụta nke naịlọn pụrụ iche na-anọchi anya ogologo carbon yinye naịlọn, ma n'ihi usoro mgbagwoju anya, ọnọdụ mmepụta siri ike, ọtụtụ usoro nhazi, ọnụ ahịa dị elu na ihe ndị ọzọ, ruo mgbe 90s. , Ogologo carbon yinye nylon ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke China ka na-ada ada.N'ime "atụmatụ afọ ise nke itoolu", ndị ọrụ nyocha naịlọn nke Mahadum Zhengzhou na Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences jikọtara ọnụ na-eme atụmatụ nyocha sayensị na teknụzụ nke mba, nyochara wee mepụta teknụzụ mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ nke ịkwadebe PA1212 site na bio-fermentation nke dodeca-carbodiacid, ma na-akwado Shandong Zibo Guangtong Chemical Company iji nweta mmepụta mmepụta ihe, na mgbakwunye, Shandong Guangyin New Materials Co., Ltd. mekwara ọganihu na PA610, PA612, PA1012 na ụdị ndị ọzọ.

PA12 siri ike karị, enwere ike ịtụ anya mmega ahụ site n'enyemaka nke amụma.Na 1977, Jiangsu Huayin Research Institute of Chemical Industry na Shanghai Institute of sịntetik Materials jikọrọ aka mepụta njikọ nke naịlọn 12 na butadiene dị ka akụrụngwa.E mesịa, Baling Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (nke bụbu Yueyang Petrochemical General Plant) rụrụ a obere-ọnụ ọgụgụ synthesis ọmụmụ nke naịlọn 12 na cyclohexanone dị ka akụrụngwa, ma n'ihi na njikọ ụzọ nke PA12 ruo 7 nzọụkwụ na oké elu mgbochi. ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ enwetabeghị mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ, yana PA12 ka na-adabere na mbubata.Na-adịbeghị anya, China nwekwara nọgidere ẹkenam atumatu na-agba ume mmepe nke pụrụ iche naịlọn ụlọ ọrụ, ifịk ifịk na-akwalite localization usoro nke pụrụ iche naịlọn ihe, na enyemaka nke atumatu, ụlọ ụlọ ọrụ ga-anọgide na-eche ihu ihe isi ike, na-atụ anya imebi monopoly ụkpụrụ. nke PA12.

Amụma a na-akwado mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ naịlọn pụrụ iche dị ka ogologo naịlọn carbon carbon

Isi mmalite: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., China Machinery Industry Federation, wdg, Changjiang Securities Research Institute